There isn’t a scarcity of examples of how synthetic intelligence (AI) has develop into built-in into our on a regular basis lives from organizing our days to discovering one of the best routes to work or faculty; deciding on gadgets to purchase; and getting reminders of upcoming appointments. Equally, AI more and more poses challenges by way of its moral and accountable use. So, as the controversy continues as as to whether to momentarily hit the brakes on the AI practice — whereas nonetheless supporting the extremely promising analysis and growth on this area — we checked out AI and machine-learning (ML) patent exercise within the U.S. to find out which firms have been probably the most progressive contributors to this point, in addition to to map the place probably the most innovation had taken place within the nation. See the methodology part beneath for particulars on our evaluation and skim on for our findings on synthetic intelligence innovation within the U.S.
High 10 Synthetic Intelligence & Machine Studying Innovators within the U.S. Since 2010
This 12 months, the U.S. Open had a brand new collaborator — the USTA enlisted watsonx, IBM’s new AI and knowledge platform — to create audio and textual content commentary in close to real-time, which might allow the group to offer protection for each singles match, not simply those on the present courts. In the meantime, in drugs, using deep-learning algorithms in drug discovery has proven how a lot AI can velocity up the method of researching, creating and making new remedies out there to these in want. And, in federal authorities, the IRS is popping to the superior processing functionality of synthetic intelligence to higher deal with the company’s most complicated instances.
However, who has been onerous at work creating these applied sciences? In accordance with USPTO knowledge, 4,980 entities had obtained at the least one AI and ML patent within the U.S. by the top of 2022. out there knowledge on AI innovation within the U.S., we famous that the variety of patents granted started rising considerably after 2010 earlier than taking pictures up from 2019 by 2021.
In 2010, Microsoft was within the lead by way of patented synthetic intelligence and machine studying innovation. Nevertheless, that quickly modified as IBM blazed forward to take first place in 2011 — a lead the corporate nonetheless holds as we speak with almost 4,580 AI and ML patents in its portfolio.
By 2015, Google had additionally caught as much as Microsoft, and the 2 juggernauts raced neck and neck for the next two years till Microsoft kicked AI innovation into excessive gear and secured a cushty lead for second place, the place it rested with 2,345 patents on the shut of 2022.
Subsequent, NVIDIA had the third-most AI and ML patents in 2010. Though the corporate dropped out of the highest 10 patent-holders (by variety of patents) in 2020, it stays probably the most extremely valuated contributors to the sector because it dominates the marketplace for high-processing energy chips utilized in synthetic intelligence methods. Actually, in accordance with latest reporting by CB Insights, NVIDIA has roughly 95% of the graphics processing items marketplace for machine studying.
Intel ranked ninth in 2010 with six AI and ML patents. But, in 2022, the legacy chipmaker had almost 1,500 patents and closed the 12 months in fourth place behind Google (1,950 patents).
With 5 AI and ML patents, Apple was Tenth in 2010. Twelve years later, the corporate had amassed 851 patents and was seventh behind Amazon (1,054 patents by the top of 2022) and forward of QUALCOMM (636 patents).
Fb entered the highest 10 in 2018 with 128 AI and ML patents. Even so, by the top of 2022, the corporate was in fifth place with almost 1,120 patents underneath its belt.
New York, San Francisco & Seattle MSAs Path Silicon Valley in AI & ML Patents
Residence to a number of the world’s main analysis universities, resembling Stanford and MIT, in addition to an everlasting entrepreneurial spirit, the nation has to this point constructed a sturdy basis in AI expertise. This — together with a robust foundation in analysis and growth and a traditionally vibrant startup ecosystem — has positioned the U.S. as a worldwide chief in AI innovation.
Whereas metros in areas just like the Midwest have been rising into a number of the finest U.S. hubs for tech growth, AI exercise stays largely concentrated in a choose brief checklist of established innovation hubs — primarily in coastal gateway cities, as famous in a latest Brookings report. Beneath, we embody the 25 U.S. metros with probably the most patents issued for synthetic intelligence and machine studying innovations.
Silicon Valley Stays Uncontested Chief in U.S. Tech Innovation
The San Jose, Calif., metro space (MSA), which is arguably the world’s main middle for entrepreneurship, has been probably the most fertile floor for AI and ML innovation. Extra exactly, by 2023, almost 9,800 patents had been issued for expertise development right here — the very best quantity among the many metro areas we analyzed. This Bay Space metro is very valued for its distinctive analysis tradition — working for years on enhancing expertise and not using a particular product in thoughts — which has led to the event of a number of the most transformative applied sciences of our time.
Notably, the San Jose metro additionally stood out for incorporating seven of the nation’s most progressive cities: As an example, AI analysis by firms based mostly in Mountain View, Calif., has resulted in roughly 2,960 patents issued. Likewise, Santa Clara, Calif. — residence to main AI expertise innovators NVIDIA, Intel and AMD — boasted almost 2,350 patents granted. On the similar time, San Jose, Calif.’s metropolis correct is residence to AI innovators which have to this point amassed greater than 1,900 patents within the area. One such firm is Adobe, which has its world headquarters right here and ranked ninth-most progressive by variety of patents final 12 months. The opposite 4 cities within the metro to make the highest 50 checklist have been Cupertino, Calif., (residence to the headquarters of Apple, Inc.); Palo Alto, Calif., (residence to Hewlett-Packard Enterprise); Sunnyvale, Calif., (arguably the birthplace of the U.S. online game business); and Los Altos, Calif., (residence to a collection of AI startups).
IBM Dominance in AI & ML Patents Lifts New York Metro Space to 2nd Place
Residence to premier analysis universities resembling SUNY, the New York Institute of Know-how, and Cornell Tech — and drawing on the uniquely numerous native expertise pool — synthetic intelligence analysis within the New York–Newark–Jersey Metropolis MSA had resulted in almost 6,300 patents issued by 2022, which ranked the metro because the second-most progressive within the nation by way of AI and ML patent grants.
That is, in nice half, because of the metro being residence to the IBM company headquarters, which is situated in Armonk, N.Y. The hamlet, situated lower than 40 miles north of New York Metropolis, was probably the most progressive locality within the U.S. for its whole of greater than 4,500 AI and ML patents — accounting for nearly the entire AI patents held by IBM in 2022.
In an effort to place guardrails on the velocity of innovation, Manhattan Borough President, Mark Levine, held a summit earlier this 12 months with state legislators, teachers, advocates and tech policymakers to debate what roles AI expertise might absorb quite a lot of arenas, in addition to which potential harms to maintain from disrupting New Yorkers’ lives. One such protecting initiative led to the implementation of a regulation that requires employers and employment businesses to reveal whether or not automated employment choice instruments are used to judge candidates or workers, in addition to to topic these instruments to common bias audits.
San Francisco Seems to AI Innovation for Renewed Development
Again on the West Coast, the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley metropolitan space in California landed third on the checklist with almost 5,000 AI and ML patents issued by 2022. Regardless of the primary metropolis’s markedly sluggish restoration in some sectors because the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, AI innovation right here requires optimism. In accordance with The Washington Publish, enterprise capitalists had invested virtually $2 billion in San Francisco-based synthetic intelligence start-ups in the course of the first six months of this 12 months alone, fueling hopes that this expertise would create the town’s subsequent large development ecosystem.
Notably, the San Francisco metro consists of six of the 50 most progressive cities within the U.S. by way of AI patents. San Francisco correct took first place within the metro with almost 1,900 patents issued to native AI and ML innovators. On this case, firms in Menlo Park, Calif. — residence to the worldwide headquarters of Fb mum or dad firm, Meta — had near 1,350 AI patents in 2022, which was greater than the following 4 high progressive cities within the metro, mixed: Redwood Metropolis, Calif., (323 patents); San Mateo, Calif., (319 patents); Redwood Shores, Calif., (188 patents); and Foster Metropolis, Calif., (186 patents).
Microsoft & Amazon Account for 90% of AI Patents in Seattle MSA
Within the Pacific Northwest entrepreneurial scene, Seattle metro AI analysis resulted in a complete of roughly 3,780 patents issued by the top of final 12 months, which positioned the Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue MSA fourth among the many nation’s most progressive AI hubs. As a matter of reality, Seattle reportedly boasts one of many highest densities of AI expertise within the nation, which has lengthy been a extremely enticing benefit for tech firms. To that finish, cloud computing giants Microsoft and Amazon (each headquartered on this metropolitan space) maintain a mixed whole of three,400 AI and ML patents, which symbolize roughly 90% of the patents issued to Seattle MSA innovators on this area.
Three Seattle MSA cities made the checklist of fifty most progressive within the U.S. First was Redmond, Wash. — residence to the worldwide headquarters of the Microsoft Company — the place almost 2,370 AI patents have been granted. Subsequent was Seattle correct (residence to Amazon), the place AI and ML innovators amassed near 1,100 patents. Third was Bellevue, Wash., with greater than 250 patents issued to native AI and ML innovation contributors.
Innovation Throughout the LA Metro Space Earns Fifth-Most AI Patents
California’s largest metropolitan space landed fifth on the checklist of most progressive metros: Synthetic intelligence and machine-learning expertise developed within the Los Angeles MSA earned almost 2,100 patents by the shut of 2022. Of the highest 50 most progressive cities within the nation, six are situated within the Los Angeles metropolitan space: Burbank, Calif., (358 AI and ML patents) — residence to the headquarters of The Walt Disney Firm, which not too long ago launched an AI taskforce to discover cost-cutting purposes throughout its varied leisure segments; Santa Monica, Calif., (324 patents); Los Angeles correct (270 patents; Irvine, Calif., (219 patents); Culver Metropolis, Calif., (199 patents); and Malibu, Calif., (148 patents).
Right here, Los Angeles metro space innovators discover purposes of AI in a fantastic number of arenas from life-style to drugs and academia. As an example, Cedars-Sinai’s Synthetic Intelligence Council has launched an initiative that brings collectively frontline medical and administrative leaders with AI specialists for “idea-thons” that goal to discover methods by which AI can be utilized to reinforce affected person care, administrative methods and worker wellbeing.
On the similar time, personal LA analysis college USC introduced the creation of the Middle for Generative AI and Society — a $10 million funding that intends to seed analysis, assemble specialists, and cement the college’s nationwide management with a particular give attention to the moral use and innovation of generative AI expertise.
Sturdy Cambridge Tech Presence Shines in Boston Metro AI Innovation
Boston isn’t solely one of the best metro for tech within the northeastern U.S., but in addition among the many nation’s finest scorching spots for AI innovation. With almost 1,800 AI and ML patents granted to inventors within the space, the Boston MSA ranked because the sixth-most progressive metro within the nation. What’s extra, 4 Boston metro cities ranked among the many 50 most progressive within the U.S.: First, Cambridge, Mass. — residence to the Massachusetts Institute of Know-how and the Boston Dynamics AI Institute — raked in 326 patents within the area by the shut of 2022.
In the meantime, analysis and growth carried out by inventors in Boston correct earned 307 patents. Equally, Hopkinton, Mass. (which is residence to a sizeable Dell EMC presence) had 230 patents. Final, however not least, Burlington, Mass. — a long-term fertile ecosystem for the life sciences and pharmaceutical industries — had 175 AI and ML patents issued to native innovators.
D.C. Metro Space Residence to High Fintech AI Patent Holder in U.S.
The Washington metropolitan space — which includes Washington, D.C., together with parts of Maryland and Virginia — landed seventh among the many most progressive metros within the U.S. with a complete of almost 1,490 synthetic intelligence and machine-learning patents issued to inventors based mostly right here. Stars amongst cities on this metro have been McLean, Va., (626 patents) and Washington, D.C. correct (221 AI and ML patents), each of which ranked among the many 50 most progressive cities within the U.S.
On this case, McLean is residence to the headquarters of Capital One Monetary Company. Accounting for 570 patents out of the town’s whole, Capital One was Tenth among the many nation’s high AI innovators on the finish of 2022 and the one fintech patent holder within the high 10. The 2 most up-to-date AI explorations that the monetary company has launched into are: 1) utilizing massive language fashions to reinforce buyer expertise (reportedly nonetheless within the design and inner experimentation part), and a pair of) the introduction of its Federated Mannequin Aggregation (FMA) — an progressive method to democratizing AI mannequin coaching to expedite studying adoption.
San Diego-based QUALCOMM Drives AI Innovation Throughout MSA
San Diego was the final of the 4 California entries to rank among the many 25 most progressive metros within the U.S. With almost 1,200 patents issued to AI and ML inventors based mostly right here, the San Diego MSA landed eighth. One main contributor to this achievement is semiconductor and wi-fi communications expertise producer Qualcomm Applied sciences, Inc., which is headquartered in San Diego. With 636 AI and ML patents underneath its belt, the firm was eighth among the many high U.S. innovators within the area final 12 months.
The self-declared chief in on-device intelligence, QUALCOMM has intensely developed and built-in AI throughout its in depth semiconductor line with the said function to create the potential for generative AI to be run fully on-device. Additionally among the many firm’s most up-to-date analysis endeavors is a partnership with the U.S. Navy’s Naval Postgraduate Faculty that goals to discover how the producer’s 5G, synthetic intelligence, and cloud computing applied sciences might create progressive options to the complicated challenges that the Navy and Marine Corps face.
Detroit MSA Gearing As much as Be Premier Automotive AI Innovation Hub in U.S.
As a result of the U.S. is residence to a number of world leaders in each automotive and key automation applied sciences, markets just like the Detroit metro space are intriguing to each traders and innovators worldwide. With almost 900 AI and ML patents on the shut of 2022, the Detroit MSA ranked because the ninth-most progressive metro within the U.S. — and continues to point out that the Motor Metropolis ingenious spirit stays robust.
As an example, final 12 months, Google and Ford introduced a partnership with the town and state governments of Detroit and Michigan that will convert the historic, 105-year-old Michigan Central practice station and surrounding neighborhood into the Michigan Central Innovation District — a hub for mobility innovation and entrepreneurship. As a part of the mobility-focused, smart-city undertaking, Google agreed to offer cloud expertise, in addition to workforce growth coaching to highschool college students and job-seekers within the Detroit metro space.
Along with Ford, Common Motors and Stellantis have additionally established mobility and software program engineering tasks in Michigan in recent times, bringing Silicon Valley nearer to residence.
Georgia Tech Convenes AI Convention to Kick Off Month-Lengthy Celebration of Atlanta Innovation
Along with incomes seventh place among the many high metros for tech within the southern U.S. area, the Atlanta MSA ranked because the Tenth-most progressive metro within the nation for AI, with inventors right here having amassed 812 AI and ML patents by the top of 2022. Constructing on the range of native founders and industries, in addition to the native wealth of artistic and educational potential, the Metro Atlanta Chamber not too long ago launched InnovATL — a model designed to deliver collectively Atlanta’s distinctive innovation ecosystem and strengthen its world attain.
As a part of InnovATL this 12 months, the theme of Georgia Tech College’s Avant South centered on AI and accountable stewardship. Specifically, the gathering of innovators, specialists, and thought leaders aimed to the touch on the expertise’s potential in schooling, well being care, arts, tradition, and business, in addition to the position of regulatory oversight in its growth. The occasion marked the beginning of a month-long celebration of Atlanta ingenuity, which incorporates Enterprise Atlanta — one of many largest enterprise capital conferences within the nation — and the AC3 Competition, which celebrates the town’s affect in music, expertise, and leisure.
Methodology
For the needs of this rating, we turned to United States Patent and Trademark Workplace (USPTO) knowledge to investigate synthetic intelligence and machine-learning patent exercise within the U.S. since 2010. Patent knowledge was used because it was out there in December 2022. As such, numbers referring to patent exercise in 2022 won’t precisely mirror the ultimate whole variety of patents issued with the related codes for that 12 months.
As a way to finest filter the patent knowledge right down to data referring to synthetic intelligence and machine-learning applied sciences, we used an inventory of patent CPC group codes made out there underneath the World Mental Property Group (WIPO) “PATENTSCOPE Synthetic Intelligence Index.” Patents that had a number of AI CPC group codes have been listed solely as soon as.
Whereas there are variations in how every location is classed administratively, we employed “metropolis” as an umbrella time period to encapsulate the entire localities listed in USPTO knowledge because the place related to the patent issued.
